Error Handling & Failure States

When implementing custom layouts, you need to handle payment failures and display appropriate error messages to your users. This guide covers the available options and best practices.

Two types of errors

Before implementing error handling, it’s important to understand the difference between validation errors and payment failures:

Type	When it occurs	How it’s handled
Validation errors	During form input (invalid card number, missing fields)	Handled automatically by input components; prevents form submission
Payment failures	After form submission (declined card, insufficient funds)	Requires explicit handling with error container or custom code

Default error behavior

Web
Android
iOS

The <primer-error-message-container> specifically handles payment failures that occur after form submission, not card validation errors. Card validation is handled by the input components themselves and prevents form submission until valid.

The Primer Checkout SDK handles most error scenarios automatically. Payment failures are displayed in the checkout UI, and validation errors appear inline on form fields.Form validation includes:

Card number validation (Luhn check, network detection)
Expiry date validation (format, future date)
CVV length validation (based on card network)
Required field validation (cardholder name, billing address)

Errors appear when the user leaves a field (on blur), not while typing.When a payment fails, the SDK:

Emits PrimerCheckoutState.Failure with error details on checkout.state
Displays a default error screen (in PrimerCheckoutSheet)
Offers retry and “try other methods” options

The Primer Checkout SDK handles most error scenarios automatically. Validation errors appear inline on form fields, and payment failures are displayed in the checkout UI.Form validation includes:

Card number validation (Luhn check, network detection)
Expiry date validation (format, future date)
CVV length validation (based on card network)
Required field validation (cardholder name, billing address)

When a payment fails, the SDK:

Reports the error via onCompletion
Displays a default error screen
Offers retry options

Built-in error display

Web
Android
iOS

The <primer-error-message-container> provides a convenient way to display payment failures without writing custom code:

<primer-checkout client-token="your-token">
  <primer-main slot="main">
    <div slot="payments">
      <primer-payment-method type="PAYMENT_CARD"></primer-payment-method>
      <primer-error-message-container></primer-error-message-container>
    </div>
  </primer-main>
</primer-checkout>

<primer-checkout client-token="your-token">
  <div slot="main" id="custom-checkout">
    <div id="payment-methods">
      <primer-payment-method type="PAYMENT_CARD"></primer-payment-method>
      <primer-error-message-container></primer-error-message-container>
    </div>
  </div>
</primer-checkout>

For optimal user experience, place the error container:

Prominently where it will be visible after a payment attempt
Near the action where users will naturally look for feedback after submitting payment
In context within the same visual area as the payment method it relates to

PrimerCheckoutSheet displays a default error screen automatically when a payment fails. No additional code is required for basic error handling.To react to a failure in your own code, observe checkout.state and match on PrimerCheckoutState.Failure:

val state by checkout.state.collectAsStateWithLifecycle()

LaunchedEffect(state) {
    val s = state
    if (s is PrimerCheckoutState.Failure) {
        val error = s.error
        Log.e("Checkout", "Payment failed: ${error.description}")
        Log.e("Checkout", "Error code: ${error.errorCode}")
        Log.e("Checkout", "Diagnostics ID: ${error.diagnosticsId}")
    }
}

PrimerCheckoutSheet(checkout = checkout)

Payment failures are reported through the onCompletion callback. The SDK also displays a default error screen automatically:

PrimerCheckout(clientToken: clientToken) { state in
  if case let .failure(error) = state {
    print("Error ID: \(error.errorId)")
    print("Description: \(error.localizedDescription)")
    print("Diagnostics ID: \(error.diagnosticsId)")
  }
}

Error properties

Every error from the SDK includes diagnostic information to help identify and resolve issues.

Web
Android
iOS

Property	Description
`code`	Error code identifying the failure type
`message`	Human-readable error message
`diagnosticsId`	Reference ID for Primer support

Property	Type	Description
`errorId`	`String`	Unique error identifier
`description`	`String`	Human-readable error message
`errorCode`	`String?`	Error code (e.g., `"card_declined"`)
`diagnosticsId`	`String`	Reference ID for support
`recoverySuggestion`	`String?`	Suggested recovery action

Property	Type	Description
`errorId`	`String`	Stable, kebab-case identifier for the error category (use for programmatic branching)
`diagnosticsId`	`String`	Unique per-occurrence diagnostics ID to share with Primer support
`recoverySuggestion`	`String?`	Suggested recovery action, when one applies
`errorDescription`	`String?`	Human-readable description for logging (also available as `localizedDescription`)

Custom error handling

Web
Android
iOS

You can implement your own payment failure handling using the SDK callbacks and events. Choose one of the following approaches:

Callbacks (primer:ready)
State change event

const checkout = document.querySelector('primer-checkout');

checkout.addEventListener('primer:ready', (event) => {
  const primer = event.detail;

  primer.onPaymentSuccess = ({ payment, paymentMethodType }) => {
    document.getElementById('my-custom-error').style.display = 'none';
    window.location.href = `/order/confirmation?id=${payment.orderId}`;
  };

  primer.onPaymentFailure = ({ error, payment, paymentMethodType }) => {
    const customErrorElement = document.getElementById('my-custom-error');
    customErrorElement.textContent = error.message;
    customErrorElement.style.display = 'block';

    console.error('Payment failed:', {
      code: error.code,
      message: error.message,
      diagnosticsId: error.diagnosticsId,
    });
  };
});

const checkout = document.querySelector('primer-checkout');

checkout.addEventListener('primer:state-change', (event) => {
  const { primerJsError, paymentFailure } = event.detail;

  if (primerJsError || paymentFailure) {
    const customErrorElement = document.getElementById('my-custom-error');
    const errorMessage = primerJsError?.message || paymentFailure?.message;
    customErrorElement.textContent = errorMessage;
    customErrorElement.style.display = 'block';
  } else {
    document.getElementById('my-custom-error').style.display = 'none';
  }
});

This approach gives you complete control over payment failure presentation but requires you to implement the error handling logic yourself.

Override the default error screen in PrimerCheckoutSheet with a custom Composable:

PrimerCheckoutSheet(
    checkout = checkout,
    error = { error ->
        Column(
            modifier = Modifier
                .fillMaxWidth()
                .padding(24.dp),
            horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally,
        ) {
            Icon(
                imageVector = Icons.Default.Warning,
                contentDescription = null,
                tint = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.error,
                modifier = Modifier.size(48.dp),
            )
            Spacer(Modifier.height(16.dp))
            Text(
                text = "Payment failed",
                style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleLarge,
            )
            Spacer(Modifier.height(8.dp))
            Text(
                text = error.description,
                style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium,
                textAlign = TextAlign.Center,
            )
            Spacer(Modifier.height(24.dp))
            Button(onClick = { checkout.dismiss() }) {
                Text("Try again")
            }
        }
    },
)

Observing validation state

For inline components, observe card form validation directly:

val cardFormController = rememberCardFormController(checkout)
val formState by cardFormController.state.collectAsStateWithLifecycle()

val errors = formState.fieldErrors
errors?.forEach { error ->
    Log.d("Validation", "${error.inputElementType}: ${error.errorId}")
}

PrimerCheckout renders the managed error screen and does not expose screen slots. For full control over how a payment failure is presented, build your own layout from the composable views, drive it with a PrimerCheckoutSession, and handle the terminal .failure state in the .primerCheckoutSession(_:onCompletion:) completion closure:

struct CheckoutView: View {
  @StateObject private var session: PrimerCheckoutSession
  @State private var errorMessage: String?

  init(clientToken: String) {
    _session = StateObject(wrappedValue: PrimerCheckoutSession(clientToken: clientToken))
  }

  var body: some View {
    ScrollView {
      PrimerCardForm()

      if let errorMessage {
        VStack(spacing: 20) {
          Image(systemName: "xmark.circle.fill")
            .font(.system(size: 48))
            .foregroundColor(.red)
          Text("Something went wrong")
            .font(.title3.weight(.semibold))
          Text(errorMessage)
            .font(.body)
            .foregroundColor(.secondary)
            .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
        }
        .padding()
      }
    }
    .primerCheckoutSession(session) { state in
      if case let .failure(error) = state {
        errorMessage = error.recoverySuggestion ?? "Please try again."
        print("Checkout failed [\(error.errorId)] — diagnosticsId: \(error.diagnosticsId)")
      }
    }
  }
}

For UIKit integrations, the same PrimerError arrives through PrimerCheckoutPresenterDelegate’s primerCheckoutPresenterDidFailWithError(_:) callback.

Observing validation state

The card form is driven by PrimerCardFormSession, which publishes PrimerCardFormState. Observe it inside a PrimerCardForm slot to read validation errors per field:

PrimerCardForm(
  cardDetails: { session in
    VStack(alignment: .leading) {
      CardFormDefaults.cardNumber(session)
      if session.state.hasError(for: .cardNumber),
         let message = session.state.errorMessage(for: .cardNumber) {
        Text(message).foregroundColor(.red)
      }
    }
  }
)

To inspect every current field error, iterate state.fieldErrors:

ForEach(session.state.fieldErrors) { error in
  Text("\(error.fieldType): \(error.message)")
}

Field presence is Dashboard-driven through CardFormConfiguration, and validation runs automatically as the shopper edits each field — gate your submit button on session.state.isValid.

Choosing the right approach

Approach	Best for	Trade-offs
Built-in error display	Quick implementation, consistent styling	Less customization control
Custom error handling	Full control over UX and design	More code to maintain

Best practices

Always handle errors - Never leave users without feedback after a failed payment
Be specific - Show meaningful error messages that help users understand what went wrong
Provide next steps - Guide users on how to resolve the issue (try another card, check details, etc.)
Clear on retry - Hide error messages when users attempt a new payment
Log for debugging - Capture error details including diagnosticsId for troubleshooting

Error message container

Web component SDK reference

Android SDK reference

Android SDK API documentation

Events guide

Complete reference for all checkout events

Log Errors Guide

Capture and log payment errors for debugging

​Two types of errors

​Default error behavior

​Built-in error display

​Error properties

​Custom error handling

​Observing validation state

​Observing validation state

​Choosing the right approach

​Best practices

​See also

Error message container

Android SDK reference

Events guide

Log Errors Guide

Two types of errors

Default error behavior

Built-in error display

Error properties

Custom error handling

Observing validation state

Observing validation state

Choosing the right approach

Best practices

See also